Reflections on “Antimüllerian hormone in GnRH antagonist cycles: Prediction of ovarian response and cumulative treatment outcome in good-prognosis patients” by Arce et al.
We discuss the basis for the growing use of AMH in assessment of the ovarian reserve across the lifespan, and its emerging role in assessment before and after cancer treatment.
Antimüllerian hormone varies according to the stage of the menstrual cycle, and the day of blood collection may alter the clinical classification of ovarian response in women seeking fertility therapy.
Some genetic polymorphisms are associated with ovarian response to gonadotropin administration and exhibit potential for a pharmacogenetic approach in ovarian stimulation. In contrast, ovarian reserve seems to be independent of gonadotropin variants.
Reflections on “Low concentration of circulating antimüllerian hormone is not predictive of reduced fecundability in young healthy women: a prospective cohort study” by Hagen et al.
Eleven studies have been published on serum AMH levels after surgical excision of ovarian endometriomas. Most of them documented a significant decrease after surgery, thus supporting surgery-related damage to ovarian reserve.
Resveratrol induces cytostatic, but not cytotoxic, effects on granulosa cells, induces a dose-dependent decrease of estradiol production, and reduces vascular endothelial growth factor.
Low AMH levels in young healthy women did not predict reduced fecundability. Even after exclusion of women with irregular cycles, the probability of conceiving was reduced in women with high AMH levels.
The rate of change of AMH is an independent predictor of TTM in late reproductive-age women and increased precision of estimates of TTM when included with baseline AMH levels and age.
Circulating AMH declined significantly after gonadal suppression with long-acting GnRH agonist, and AMH recovered to pretreatment levels after discontinuation of GnRH agonist. This is an indication of partial gonadotropin-dependence of AMH.
The relationships between primordial follicles, follicular recruitment, and circulating AMH are dynamic, reflecting the different stages of the reproductive lifespan. This article discusses these relationships and their clinical implications.
Reflections on “High frequency of discordance between antimullerian hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in serum from estradiol-confirmed days 2 to 4 of the menstrual cycle from 5,354 women in U.S. fertility centers”
Frequent discordance was observed between antimullerian hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, which increased with age in serum from 5,354 women in estradiol-confirmed cycle days 2 to 4.
Antral follicle count and antimullerian hormone rate of decline is similar to histologic oocyte loss.
In mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome, metformin had no impact on antim€ullerian hormone or androgen levels but increased the free testosterone index in the umbilical vein of boys.
The follicle pool in transplanted frozen/thawed ovarian tissue is low compared with normal ovaries, and reduced follicular selection may explain these women’s poor reproductive outcomes in assisted reproduction.
This report describes the peripheral levels of inhibin B and antimullerian hormone in boys during peripuberty and in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
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